Lycophantis elongata是巢蛾科(Yponomeutidae)的成員,目前僅知分布於印度阿薩姆與臺灣。本種的頭部與前、中胸背方為白色,後胸為褐色,前翅翅形狹長,靠前緣一半為黑褐色,白色帶由翅基沿後緣延伸至近翅頂端,後翅為灰褐色底,無其他翅紋;腹部背方為灰褐色。Lycophantis在全世界已紀錄6種,從印度沿中南半島一直分布到日本(Sohn & Park, 2010),臺灣則紀錄了其中2種,分別是L. elongata與L. chalcoleuca,後者為本屬之模式種。本屬翅紋相似,根據Sohn & Park (2010)中所提供的檢索表,臺灣產兩種可藉由以下翅紋特徵加以區別:L. elongata前翅後緣的白色帶由翅基一直延伸到近翅頂,L. chalcoleuca則僅至約後緣一半處。惟比對L. chalcoleuca的選模標本照後,筆者認為翅紋的穩定度仍有待進一步商榷。在比較Moriuti (1963)和Sohn & Park (2010)的研究後,卻發現2篇文章對於L. elongata與L. chalcoleuca的雌性生殖器,描述完全不同。前者認為L. elongata無交配囊片(signum)而L. chalcoleuca有之;後者則根據Moriuti(1977)的研究持相反意見。由於筆者目前尚未能檢視到Moriuti (1977)的研究,無法確定Moriuti對1963年交配囊片的描述與手繪圖部分是否有進一步的看法,故先採用Sohn & Park (2010)的觀點,將圖中標本鑑定為L. elongata。照片中的標本採自扇平,2011年3月。
A Brief Introduction
Lycophantis is a yponomeutid genus distributed in Asia tropics or subtropics, with 6 described species sharing similar wing pattern until now. L. elongata and L. chalcoleuca were reported to distributed in Taiwan by Moriuti (1963). These two species could be distinguished from the presence of signum in the latter but absence in the former. However, in Sohn & Park's (2010) study, the opposite opinion was held based on the study of Moriuti (1963): signum present in L. elongata but not L. chalcoleuca. In the present article, Sohn & Park's (2010) opinion is taken and specimen in this photo is identified to be L. elongata after dissection.
References
Moriuti S., 1963. Studies on the Yponomeutidae (VI) genus Lycophantis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Japanese Journal of Entomology (Kontyû) 31(4): 261-266.
Moriuti S., 1977. Fauna Japonica, Ypomeutidae s. lat. (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Tokyo, 327 pp.(本文獻目前尚未檢視)
Sohn JC & Park KT, 2010. Three new species of Lycophantis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) from Vietnam, with a key to the world species. Oriental Insects 44(1): 225-233.
2013年7月27日 星期六
2013年7月14日 星期日
Stathmopoda fusciumeraris Terada, 2013 黑肩展足蛾
黑肩展足蛾(Stathmopoda fusciumeraris)是展足蛾科(Stathmopodidae)的成員,分布於日本與臺灣。本種的頭部與胸部背方為鮮黃色,前胸兩側有暗色帶,前翅狹長,鮮黃色底,上有三枚褐色斑,分別位於翅基、中央略偏翅基及近翅頂端處,前緣靠基部約1/3為褐色,後翅狹長,為黑褐色,翅基為灰白色;腹部背方為褐色,節與節之間有白色線條。展足蛾屬(Stathmopoda)是展足蛾科裡多樣性最高的屬,目前已知超過200種(Terada, 2013),臺灣目前已記錄其中的7種,鄰近的日本則有多達18種。在Terada (2013)的研究裡,黑肩展足蛾被歸類於由作者建立的aprica種群裡。該種群共包含9個物種,其中6個物種分布於東方區,日本記錄其中兩種:S. fusciumeraris與S. aprica,臺灣則僅知本種。S. aprica與黑肩展足蛾最為近似,除了生殖器外,可由以下兩個特徵區分:1.前者前胸兩側無暗色帶,後者有;2.前者前翅前緣褐色斑甚為發達,幾乎達到翅尖,後者則無。即使如此,臺灣仍有可能存在其他近似物種,因此翅紋的可靠程度尚待評估。黑肩展足蛾種名中,fuscus意指暗色,umerus意指肩部,加上前胸兩側暗色帶是本種的重要鑑定特徵,故筆者暫擬中文名為「黑肩展足蛾」。圖中的個體來自於宜蘭東澳,2013年2月採獲,在Terada(2013)的研究裡,則另外檢視了來自臺北烏來、南投蓮華池與臺東知本的標本。
A Brief Introduction
Based on the study from Terada (2013), a new species group, aprica species-group was established and a new species, Stathmopoda fusciumeraris, was described from Japan and Taiwan. S. fusciumeraris is closely related to S. aprica but could be distinguished from the later by the following external characters: 1. the dark brown bands at the lateral margin of prothorax; 2. the dark marking at forewing costa is present at basal 1/3. S. fusciumeraris is the only species of aprica species-group up to date.
References
Terada T, 2013. A review of the Stathmopoda aprica species-group (Lepidoptera: Stathmopodidae) from Japan. Lepidoptera Science 64(1): 18-26.
A Brief Introduction
Based on the study from Terada (2013), a new species group, aprica species-group was established and a new species, Stathmopoda fusciumeraris, was described from Japan and Taiwan. S. fusciumeraris is closely related to S. aprica but could be distinguished from the later by the following external characters: 1. the dark brown bands at the lateral margin of prothorax; 2. the dark marking at forewing costa is present at basal 1/3. S. fusciumeraris is the only species of aprica species-group up to date.
References
Terada T, 2013. A review of the Stathmopoda aprica species-group (Lepidoptera: Stathmopodidae) from Japan. Lepidoptera Science 64(1): 18-26.
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